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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*sapy-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to sway, wave, shake upface="Times New Roman Star"ìàõàòü, ðàçâåèâàòü, âçáàëòûâàòü
face="Times New Roman Star"saby- (MK)








face="Times New Roman Star"sabyr- 'to blow (of wind)'






face="Times New Roman Star"sapyr-face="Times New Roman Star"sapyr-face="Times New Roman Star"sapyr-



face="Times New Roman Star"sapyr-

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 785. A possible derivative is sapan 'sling' (see ÝÑÒß 7).
face="Times New Roman Star"*sesface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 threat 2 to threatenface="Times New Roman Star"1 óãðîçà 2 óãðîæàòü

face="Times New Roman Star"seksen-, segsen- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"siska"n- 2face="Times New Roman Star"sesken- 2 (Pav. C., AH)face="Times New Roman Star"seska"n- 2face="Times New Roman Star"sa"skin- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sa"ksa"n- 2


face="Times New Roman Star"seste- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"súzúr-lan-dúr- 2



face="Times New Roman Star"ses 1face="Times New Roman Star"ses 1, sesken- 2face="Times New Roman Star"sesken- 2face="Times New Roman Star"hit|ka"n- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"sesken- 2face="Times New Roman Star"sesken- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*burkyface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"wrinkledface="Times New Roman Star"ñìîðùåííûéface="Times New Roman Star"burqyface="Times New Roman Star"burqy, burqyg| 'wrinkle'


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 360.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"gmeface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"gum (of tooth)face="Times New Roman Star"äåñíà









face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|meface="Times New Roman Star"ko"gbe (Mat.), ko"ge (Kond.)
















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 290.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kon|ur-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to tear out, uprootface="Times New Roman Star"âûäèðàòü, âûðûâàòü
face="Times New Roman Star"qon|ur- (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"qon|ar- (Abush., Áîð. Áàä.)









face="Times New Roman Star"xon|un-, xon|nor-face="Times New Roman Star"kon|or-face="Times New Roman Star"xuna-










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 281, EDT 640, ÝÑÒß 6, 65, Stachowski 152.
face="Times New Roman Star"*busface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"steam, fogface="Times New Roman Star"ïàð, òóìàí
face="Times New Roman Star"bus (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"pus
face="Times New Roman Star"bus (Ettuhf., CCum.)
face="Times New Roman Star"bus (dial.)



face="Times New Roman Star"pus

face="Times New Roman Star"púw|s

face="Times New Roman Star"busface="Times New Roman Star"bus

face="Times New Roman Star"pusface="Times New Roman Star"bot|




face="Times New Roman Star"pusface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 90, EDT 370, ÝÑÒß 2, 277, Ëåêñèêà 34. Turk. > Russ. dial. bus 'drizzle, flour dust', see Àíèêèí 146.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"lu"k / *julukface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"juiceface="Times New Roman Star"ñîê











face="Times New Roman Star"juluq, d/uluq, ju"lu"k



face="Times New Roman Star"c?uluq










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 212, EDT 927-928, ÝÑÒß 4, 266, Ëåêñèêà 263-264. The root should be distinguished both from *jilik and from *julyn| (v. sub *la\le\, *dilu), although all three tend to contaminate.
face="Times New Roman Star"*july-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to pillage, attack 2 thief, scoundrelface="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðàáèòü, íàïàäàòü 2 âîð, áðîäÿãà, ãîëîäðàíåöface="Times New Roman Star"july- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"july- (MK) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jolqys? 2





face="Times New Roman Star"c?ulg|us (Sag.), c?ulg|as (Koib., Kach.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?ulg|us? 2




face="Times New Roman Star"c?ul- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ulu-s?- 'to fight (of women)'

face="Times New Roman Star"jolqos? 2





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 919. Should be separated from *jol- 'pick out' (v. sub *n/o>\lo).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Abuc?-kaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 husband, old man 2 foster-mother 3 elder sister 4 uncleface="Times New Roman Star"1 ìóæ, ñòàðèê 2 êîðìèëèöà 3 ñòàðøàÿ ñåñòðà 4 äÿäÿface="Times New Roman Star"avyc?g|a, abuc?g|a 1, abuc?qa 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"avyc?g|a 1 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"abus? 3 dial.face="Times New Roman Star"abus?qa, awucqa 1 dial. (Sib.)face="Times New Roman Star"abus?qa, avus?qa 4 (Abush., Sangl.)




face="Times New Roman Star"apsax, apc?ax, Koib. abysqa 1face="Times New Roman Star"aps?yj 1, aps?aq 'bear'face="Times New Roman Star"aps?yjaq 1; 'bear'
face="Times New Roman Star"obas?ka

face="Times New Roman Star"as?aq 1face="Times New Roman Star"as?yn/aq 1face="Times New Roman Star"abys?qa 1face="Times New Roman Star"abys?qa 1 dial.
face="Times New Roman Star"abys?qa 1





face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 60-61, EDT 6, Åãîðîâ 274-275, Ôåäîòîâ II 282, Àíèêèí 72. Chuv. is not quite regular and may be an early loanword from Tat. Formally the Turk. word may be derived from *aba 'elder in the mother's line' (+ dimin. -c?).
face="Times New Roman Star"*b(i)ar-kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 house 2 home, householdface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîñòðîéêà, çäàíèå 2 äîì, èìóùåñòâîface="Times New Roman Star"barq 1, 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"barq 1, 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"bark 2
face="Times New Roman Star"barq 2 (Sangl., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"barq 1

face="Times New Roman Star"bary 'fence'


















face="Times New Roman Star"baru 'fence'face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 359-360, VEWT 63, 66, ÝÑÒß II 62. Bark is traditionally linked with ba:r 'there is', bary 'belongings', but cf. the Az. word which can be hardly explained in this way.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kaj-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to pay respectface="Times New Roman Star"îòíîñèòüñÿ óâàæèòåëüíîface="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (Yenis., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kajyr-






face="Times New Roman Star"xaj-





face="Times New Roman Star"xaj de:r 'to still, pacify'
face="Times New Roman Star"qajys?-face="Times New Roman Star"qajys-







face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 674, ÝÑÒß 5, 194.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gEneface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"again, also, howeverface="Times New Roman Star"ñíîâà, òàêæå, îäíàêî
face="Times New Roman Star"kene (MKypch.)face="Times New Roman Star"gene




face="Times New Roman Star"ga"na"



















face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 115.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ku"l/u"lface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 rat 2 moleface="Times New Roman Star"1 êðûñà 2 êðîò


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?o"l (dial.) 1





face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z@l 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z?u"l 2








face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?o"l 1, 2





face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 155. Turk. > Kalm. ku"s?l (KW 248).
face="Times New Roman Star"*TAdgunface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a k. of big riverface="Times New Roman Star"áîëüøàÿ, íåïåðåñûõàþùàÿ ñåçîííî ðåêà
face="Times New Roman Star"tad|g|un (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 453: Clauson suggests a reading tod|g|un (deriving the word from tod|- 'fill'), but there is no waw in the text.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ku"lmu"r/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"male chamoisface="Times New Roman Star"ñàìåö ñåðíû
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lmu"z (KB)







face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lbu"s
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lmu"s



face="Times New Roman Star"xu"lbu"sface="Times New Roman Star"xu"lbu"s









face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 139, Ëåêñèêà 153.
face="Times New Roman Star"*[j]eglekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"storkface="Times New Roman Star"àèñò

face="Times New Roman Star"leglek




face="Times New Roman Star"la"jla"k



















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 316 (hardly from Arab.)
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"l/u"nface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 shoulder joint 2 shoulder bone 3 chest 4 collar bone 5 shoulderface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïëå÷åâîé ñãèá 2 ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü 3 ãðóäü 4 êëþ÷èöà 5 ïëå÷îface="Times New Roman Star"o"s?u"n (OUygh.) 'some body part (shoulder joint?)'face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?u"n (MK) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) u"z?u"n 2

face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) o"s?ni, o"s?ne 5



face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?tu" 5face="Times New Roman Star"o"z?u"n 4



face="Times New Roman Star"o"z?u"n 'upper arm'face="Times New Roman Star"o"'x/u"n 5



face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?u"n 3




face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 263, Äûáî 160, Ëåêñèêà 241-242. Stachowski 201 compares also Yak., Dolg. o"ttu"k 'hip' ( < *o"l/u"n-ik).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ku"du"-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"affairface="Times New Roman Star"äåëîface="Times New Roman Star"is? ku"du"k (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"is? ku"d|u"k (KB)











face="Times New Roman Star"k@r@s?- 'to hire, be hired'













face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 702.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"d(r)en|iface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"mapleface="Times New Roman Star"êëåí


face="Times New Roman Star"o"je|n|ke, o"re|n|ge

face="Times New Roman Star"u"ra"n|gi






face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|rene




face="Times New Roman Star"ujen|ki
face="Times New Roman Star"o"ja"n|ka"face="Times New Roman Star"u"rge



face="Times New Roman Star"u"rgeface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 522, Äìèòðèåâà 1972, 191, Åãîðîâ 52, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 118, Bla"sing 2002.
face="Times New Roman Star"*a>lpface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 difficult, hard 2 warrior 3 hero 4 brave 5 giant 6 landlordface="Times New Roman Star"1 òðóäíûé 2 âîèí 3 ãåðîé 4 õðàáðûé 5 âåëèêàí 6 ïîìåùèê, çåìëåâëàäåëåöface="Times New Roman Star"alp 1, 2, 4 (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.); alp-a-g|ut 2 (OUygh.).face="Times New Roman Star"alp 2, 4 (MK, KB, Tefs., IM); alpag|ut 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"alp 3, 4face="Times New Roman Star"alyp 3, 5, alpawyt 2face="Times New Roman Star"alp 2, 3 (Sngl.)face="Times New Roman Star"alp 3face="Times New Roman Star"alpawut 2


face="Times New Roman Star"alyp 4, albyx- 'to act as a meddler'face="Times New Roman Star"alyp 4face="Times New Roman Star"alyp 4
face="Times New Roman Star"olúp 5, olbut 2face="Times New Roman Star"alyp 'witchcraft; part of some names of spirits'
face="Times New Roman Star"albyq- 'to pant, stifle', alba:- 'to lapse into oblivion'
face="Times New Roman Star"alp 3, 4, 5, albu:t 'hot-tempered'face="Times New Roman Star"alyp 5, albyt, albyrt 'hot-tempered'
face="Times New Roman Star"alpawyt 2, alpamys?a 5 (from Alp Amys?a, a folklore name, = Tat.)

face="Times New Roman Star"alp 'chief', alpawut 'gentry man'face="Times New Roman Star"alp 3, 5, albyra- 'be exhausted, embarassed'

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 127-128, VEWT 18, ÝÑÒß I 139, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 276. Clauson's hypothesis that the reflexes of *alpawut in recent languages are the result of a re-borrowing from Mong. (cf. Lit. Mong. albag|ut (Kow. 84) < Turk.), partly contaminated with Mong. alban 'tax', is unnecessary: a semantic shift 'warrior' > 'gentry' > 'landlord' seems to be natural. Cf. a borrowing from Mong. alba-tu in Tuva, Oyr. albatu, albaty, Kirgh. albaty 'tax-payers, people'.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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